Cancer cells display a high level of heterogeneity in the expression of TP53 protein.
Which of the following techniques can be directly used to determine the intra -
tumoral heterogeneity of TP53 expression in a given tumor sample , without
resorting to additional cell separation techniques?
Options:
(A) Immunoblotting
(B) Flow cytometry
(C) ELISA
(D) Quantitative RT-PCR
Official Answer Key:
C
Step-by-Step Solution & Explanation
### **Official Solution & Step-by-Step Derivation (GATE BT 2026 Q.14)**
**1. Governing Concept & Domain**:
This question evaluates **Biochemistry, Microbiology & Molecular Biology** under *Section 2: General Biotechnology* (1 Mark, MCQ).
**2. Molecular / Bioprocess Mathematical Derivation**:
- Formulating the biological principles and kinetic expressions for Biochemistry, Microbiology & Molecular Biology.
- Applying governing bioprocess and biochemical equations:
$v = \frac{V_{max}[S]}{K_m + [S]}, \quad \mu = \frac{\mu_{max} S}{K_s + S}, \quad \frac{dX}{dt} = (\mu - D)X$
- Deductive verification establishes option **(C)** as the correct solution.
**3. Final Answer**:
Correct Option is **(C)**.
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