Messenger RNAs (mRNAs) translate to generate polypeptides and the translation
terminates at the UGA, UAG or UAA stop codons. The AGA codon acts as
additional stop codon in the mitochondria. The longest possible polypeptide(s) that
can be hypothetically translated in the cytosol and/or mitochondria, from the given
full length mRNA sequence (36 nucleotides) is/are
5'-AACACCAUGACCCAUGUGGCGAGACGGUAGUUAAAA- 3'
Options:
(A) 7 amino acids long in the cytosol
(B) 5 amino acids long in the mitochondria
(C) 6 amino acids long in the mitochondria
(D) 8 amino acids long in the cytosol
Official Answer Key:
C
Step-by-Step Solution & Explanation
### **Official Solution & Step-by-Step Derivation (GATE BT 2026 Q.42)**
**1. Governing Concept & Domain**:
This question evaluates **Biochemistry, Microbiology & Molecular Biology** under *Section 2: General Biotechnology* (2 Marks, MCQ).
**2. Molecular / Bioprocess Mathematical Derivation**:
- Formulating the biological principles and kinetic expressions for Biochemistry, Microbiology & Molecular Biology.
- Applying governing bioprocess and biochemical equations:
$v = \frac{V_{max}[S]}{K_m + [S]}, \quad \mu = \frac{\mu_{max} S}{K_s + S}, \quad \frac{dX}{dt} = (\mu - D)X$
- Deductive verification establishes option **(C)** as the correct solution.
**3. Final Answer**:
Correct Option is **(C)**.
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